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  1. The categorical description of leaf shapes is of paramount importance in ecology, taxonomy and paleobotanical studies. Classification systems proposed by domain experts support these descriptions. Despite the ...

    Authors: Jorge Victorino and Francisco Gómez

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:112

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Plant Methods 2019 15:132

  2. Epicormic branches arise from dormant buds patterned during the growth of previous years. Dormant epicormic buds remain just below the surface of trees, pushed outward from the pith during secondary growth, bu...

    Authors: Mitchell Eithun, James Larson, Gregory Lang, Daniel H. Chitwood and Elizabeth Munch

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:111

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  3. Past research has shown that virus-induced phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene silencing via agroinjection in the attached and detached fruit of tomato plants results in a pale-yellow fruit phenotype. Although the PDS

    Authors: Aung Htay Naing, Swum Yi Kyu, Phyo Phyo Win Pe, Kyeung Il Park, Je Min Lee, Ki Byung Lim and Chang Kil Kim

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:110

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  4. As yields of major crops such as wheat (T. aestivum) have begun to plateau in recent years, there is growing pressure to efficiently phenotype large populations for traits associated with genetic advancement in y...

    Authors: Lorna McAusland, Jonathan A. Atkinson, Tracy Lawson and Erik H. Murchie

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:109

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  5. The growing field of plant molecular farming relies on expression vectors that allow high yields of recombinant proteins to be produced through transient gene expression. While numerous expression vectors curr...

    Authors: Hadrien Peyret, James K. M. Brown and George P. Lomonossoff

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:108

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  6. Plant breeders seek to develop cultivars with maximal agronomic value, which is often assessed using numerous, often genetically correlated traits. As intervention on one trait will affect the value of another...

    Authors: Mehdi Momen, Malachy T. Campbell, Harkamal Walia and Gota Morota

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:107

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  8. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus has reached epidemic proportions as a result of over-nutrition and increasingly sedentary lifestyles. Current therapies, although effective, are not without limitations. These limitati...

    Authors: Chintha Lankatillake, Tien Huynh and Daniel A. Dias

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:105

    Content type: Review

    Published on:

  9. The root is an important organ for water and nutrient uptake, and soil anchorage. It is equipped with root hairs (RHs) which are elongated structures increasing the exchange surface with the soil. RHs are also...

    Authors: Marjorie Guichard, Jean-Marc Allain, Michele Wolfe Bianchi and Jean-Marie Frachisse

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:104

    Content type: Methodology

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  11. Stalk lodging (breakage of plant stems prior to harvest) is a major problem for both farmers and plant breeders. A limiting factor in addressing this problem is the lack of a reliable method for phenotyping st...

    Authors: Douglas D. Cook, Witold de la Chapelle, Ting-Che Lin, Shien Yang Lee, Wenhuan Sun and Daniel J. Robertson

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:102

    Content type: Methodology

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  12. Fine root production is one of the least well understood components of the carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. Minirhizotrons allow accurate and non-destructive sampling of fine root production. Small and ...

    Authors: Marie Arnaud, Andy J. Baird, Paul J. Morris, Angela Harris and Jonny J. Huck

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:101

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  13. With increasing pollution, herbicide application and interest in plant phenotyping, sensors capturing early responses to toxic stress are demanded for screening susceptible or resistant plant varieties. Standa...

    Authors: Anna Segečová, María Luisa Pérez-Bueno, Matilde Barón, Jan Červený and Thomas Georg Roitsch

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:100

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  14. We developed and characterised a highly mutagenised TILLING population of the barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivar Golden Promise. Golden Promise is the ‘reference’ genotype for barley transformation and a primary o...

    Authors: Miriam Schreiber, Abdellah Barakate, Nicola Uzrek, Malcolm Macaulay, Adeline Sourdille, Jenny Morris, Pete E. Hedley, Luke Ramsay and Robbie Waugh

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:99

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  15. Hyperspectral imaging is emerging as a promising approach for plant disease identification. The large and possibly redundant information contained in hyperspectral data cubes makes deep learning based identifi...

    Authors: Koushik Nagasubramanian, Sarah Jones, Asheesh K. Singh, Soumik Sarkar, Arti Singh and Baskar Ganapathysubramanian

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:98

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  16. Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is an abiotic stress in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] that causes significant yield reductions. Symptoms of IDC include interveinal chlorosis and stunting of the plant. While...

    Authors: Austin A. Dobbels and Aaron J. Lorenz

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:97

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Plant Methods 2019 15:113

  17. Stalk lodging is an impediment to improving profitability and production efficiency in maize. Lodging resistance, a comprehensive indicator to appraise genotypes, requires both characterization of mechanical p...

    Authors: Weiliang Wen, Shenghao Gu, Boxiang Xiao, Chuanyu Wang, Jinglu Wang, Liming Ma, Yongjian Wang, Xianju Lu, Zetao Yu, Ying Zhang, Jianjun Du and Xinyu Guo

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:96

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  18. Unfortunately, the original version of the article (1) contained an error. It has been brought to the attention of authors that the R108 ecotype was not derived from A17 but is rather a different subspecies de...

    Authors: Li Wen, Yuanling Chen, Elise Schnabel, Ashley Crook and Julia Frugoli

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:95

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Plant Methods 2019 15:20

  19. An effective and expeditious approach to assess plant nitrogen status is urgently needed in rice production and management as the conventional chemical methods are laborious and time-consuming.

    Authors: Ke Wu, Changwen Du, Fei Ma, Yazhen Shen, Dong Liang and Jianmin Zhou

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:94

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  20. Grafting, an ancient agronomic technique, is an artificial mode of asexual reproduction in plants. Recently, grafting research has gradually shifted from modifying agronomic traits to the study of molecular me...

    Authors: Yan Li, Wei Sun, Fulin Liu, Jin Cheng, Xiaojie Zhang, Hui Zhang and Yanxiu Zhao

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:93

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  21. Banana (Musa spp.) is the most popular marketable fruit crop grown all over the world, and a dominant staple food in many developing countries. Worldwide, banana production is affected by numerous diseases and pe...

    Authors: Michael Gomez Selvaraj, Alejandro Vergara, Henry Ruiz, Nancy Safari, Sivalingam Elayabalan, Walter Ocimati and Guy Blomme

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:92

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  23. Characterization and quantification of visual plant traits is often limited to the use of tools and software that were developed to address a specific context, making them unsuitable for other applications. Cover...

    Authors: Lianne Merchuk-Ovnat, Zev Ovnat, Orit Amir-Segev, Yaarit Kutsher, Yehoshua Saranga and Moshe Reuveni

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:90

    Content type: Software

    Published on:

  24. Characterization of the dynamic response of plant transpiration to decreasing soil water content in a reproducible way is required for the correct phenotyping of traits related to water saving strategies. Nowa...

    Authors: Carlos de Ollas, Clara Segarra-Medina, Miguel González-Guzmán, Jaime Puertolas and Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:89

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  26. Viroid research generally relies on infectious cDNA clones that consist of dimers of the entire viroid sequence. At present, those dimers are generated by self-ligation of monomeric cDNA, a strategy that prese...

    Authors: Joan Marquez-Molins, Jose Antonio Navarro, Vicente Pallas and Gustavo Gomez

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:87

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  27. The primary sources of nitrogen for plants have been suggested to be nitrate (NO3−) and ammonium (NH4+). However, when both nitrate and ammonium are simultaneously available to plants, it is very difficult to dif...

    Authors: Kaiyan Zhang, Yanyou Wu and Hongtao Hang

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:86

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  28. Most bacteria are not culturable, but can be identified through molecular methods such as metagenomics studies. Due to specific metabolic requirements and symbiotic relationships, these bacteria cannot survive...

    Authors: Joseph Krystel, Qingchun Shi, Jefferson Shaw, Goutam Gupta, David Hall and Ed Stover

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:85

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  29. Wheat is one of the most important staple source in the world for human consumption, animal feed and industrial raw materials. To deal with the global and increasing population demand, enhancing crop yield by ...

    Authors: Thang Duong Quoc Le, Camille Alvarado, Christine Girousse, David Legland and Anne-Laure Chateigner-Boutin

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:84

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  30. Experimental determination of the extent and rate of transport of liquid humates supplied to plants is critical in testing physiological effects of such biostimulants which are often supplied as foliar sprays....

    Authors: Marcela Smilkova, Jiri Smilek, Michal Kalina, Martina Klucakova, Miloslav Pekar and Petr Sedlacek

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:83

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  31. Phytophthora root rot (PRR) caused by P. medicaginis is a major soil borne disease in chickpea growing regions of Australia. Sources of resistance have been identified in both cultivated and wild Cicer species. H...

    Authors: Amritha Amalraj, Julian Taylor and Tim Sutton

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:82

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  32. Karrikins (KARs) are plant growth regulators that promote seed germination and the subsequent growth and development of seedlings of many plant species. In nature they are generated and released by combustion ...

    Authors: Jakub Hrdlička, Tomáš Gucký, Ondřej Novák, Manoj Kulkarni, Shubhpriya Gupta, Johannes van Staden and Karel Doležal

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:81

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  34. Plant protoplasts are basic plant cells units in which the pecto-cellulosic cell wall has been removed, but the plasma membrane is intact. One of the main features of plant cells is their strong plasticity, an...

    Authors: Kaori Sakai, Florence Charlot, Thomas Le Saux, Sandrine Bonhomme, Fabien Nogué, Jean-Christophe Palauqui and Jacques Fattaccioli

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:79

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  35. Integrated breeding approaches such as combining marker-assisted selection and rapid line fixation through single-seed-descent, can effectively increase the frequency of desirable alleles in a breeding program...

    Authors: Juan David Arbelaez, Erwin Tandayu, Maria Ymber Reveche, Annalhea Jarana, Petra van Rogen, Line Sandager, Patrik Stolt, Enghwa Ng, Rajeev K. Varshney, Tobias Kretzschmar and Joshua Cobb

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:78

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  36. Deep learning algorithms for automated plant identification need large quantities of precisely labelled images in order to produce reliable classification results. Here, we explore what kind of perspectives an...

    Authors: Michael Rzanny, Patrick Mäder, Alice Deggelmann, Minqian Chen and Jana Wäldchen

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:77

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  37. Accurate estimation of heading date of paddy rice greatly helps the breeders to understand the adaptability of different crop varieties in a given location. The heading date also plays a vital role in determin...

    Authors: Sai Vikas Desai, Vineeth N. Balasubramanian, Tokihiro Fukatsu, Seishi Ninomiya and Wei Guo

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:76

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  38. Partial and full root-zone drought stresses are two widely used methods to induce soil drying in plant container-culture experiments. Two methods might lead to different observational results in plant water re...

    Authors: Asfa Batool, Zheng-Guo Cheng, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Guang-Chao Lv, Jun-Lan Xiong, Ying Zhu, Muhammad Ashraf and You-Cai Xiong

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:75

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  39. Green plants comprise two lineages: (1) the streptophytes that colonised land and (2) the chlorophytes that have adaptations to land but remained mostly aquatic. To better understand what made streptophytes so...

    Authors: Lenka Caisová and Timothy O. Jobe

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:74

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  41. In-field measurement of yield and growth rate in pasture species is imprecise and costly, limiting scientific and commercial application. Our study proposed a LiDAR-based mobile platform for non-invasive veget...

    Authors: Kioumars Ghamkhar, Kenji Irie, Michael Hagedorn, Jeffrey Hsiao, Jaco Fourie, Steve Gebbie, Valerio Hoyos-Villegas, Richard George, Alan Stewart, Courtney Inch, Armin Werner and Brent Barrett

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:72

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  42. Clearing methods allow relatively quick processing of plant material and examination of cellular structures by rendering tissues and organs translucent. They have been adapted for plant embryology, primarily t...

    Authors: Monika Kwiatkowska, Dariusz Kadłuczka, Maria Wędzony, Beata Dedicova and Ewa Grzebelus

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:71

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  43. A suitable reference gene is an important prerequisite for guarantying accurate and reliable results in quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses. However, there is no absolute universality in reference ge...

    Authors: Canbin Chen, Jingyu Wu, Qingzhu Hua, Noemi Tel-Zur, Fangfang Xie, Zhike Zhang, Jianye Chen, Rong Zhang, Guibing Hu, Jietang Zhao and Yonghua Qin

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:70

    Content type: Methodology

    Published on:

  44. Development of oligonucleotide probes facilitates chromosome identification via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in many organisms.

    Authors: Pei Du, Caihong Cui, Hua Liu, Liuyang Fu, Lina Li, Xiaodong Dai, Li Qin, Siyu Wang, Suoyi Han, Jing Xu, Bing Liu, Bingyan Huang, Fengshou Tang, Wenzhao Dong, Zengjun Qi and Xinyou Zhang

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:69

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  46. The stomata of plants mainly regulate gas exchange and water dispersion between the interior and external environments of plants and play a major role in the plants’ health. The existing methods of stomata seg...

    Authors: Kexin Li, Jianping Huang, Wenlong Song, Jingtao Wang, Shuai Lv and Xiuwei Wang

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:67

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  47. Hyperspectral reflectance data in the visible, near infrared and shortwave infrared range (VIS–NIR–SWIR, 400–2500 nm) are commonly used to nondestructively measure plant leaf properties. We investigated the us...

    Authors: Yufeng Ge, Abbas Atefi, Huichun Zhang, Chenyong Miao, Raghuprakash Kastoori Ramamurthy, Brandi Sigmon, Jinliang Yang and James C. Schnable

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:66

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  48. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (P. cyrtonema) is one of the most important herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Polysaccharides in P. cyrtonema plants comprise a class of important secondary metabolites and exhibit ...

    Authors: Chenkai Wang, Daiyin Peng, Jinhang Zhu, Derui Zhao, Yuanyuan Shi, Shengxiang Zhang, Kelong Ma, Jiawen Wu and Luqi Huang

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:65

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  50. The quality of forage plants is a crucial component of animal performance and a limiting factor in pasture based production systems. Key forage attributes that may require improvement include the sugar, lipid,...

    Authors: Paul R. Shorten, Shane R. Leath, Jana Schmidt and Kioumars Ghamkhar

    Citation: Plant Methods 2019 15:63

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

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ISSN: 1746-4811