Fig. 4

Characterization of transiently over-expressed candidate genes (MsERF1B, MsbHLH41 and MsEIL3) for disease resistance in V. mali inoculated leaves. A The expression patterns of MsERF1B, MsbHLH41, and MsEIL3 induced by V. mali. Comparison of RNA-seq data (red line) with RT-qPCR data (black column). The FPKM values were shown on the right y-axis, while the relative expression levels were shown on the left y-axis. B The expression levels of MsERF1B, MsbHLH41, and MsEIL3 in transiently transformed lines were respectively detected by RT-qPCR. Three transiently transformed plants (MsERF1B-OE, MsEIL3-OE, and MsbHLH41-OE) and a control line (Con) transiently transformed with pCambia1307-Flag were tested. The incidence rate (C), lesion area (D), V. mali fungal biomass (E), H₂O₂ content (F), MDA content (G) and phenotype (H) of transiently transformed leaves inoculated with V. mali. The leaf samples were harvested at 3 days post-inoculation. The lesion area was measured with the ImageJ software. The V. mali fungal biomass was determined by RT-qPCR. Data are the means ± SE of three biological repeats (sample size of 10 leaves). A student’s t-test was performed. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001