Table 1 Overview of recently developed methods for plant hormone analysis (continued on the next page)

Aux, ABAs, CKs, ACC, JAs, SA, BRs, GBs, SLs and peptides

Rice (100 mg FW)

90% MeOH

SPE—Oasis MCX + WAX

LC–MS/MS (4 methods)

Acquity BEH C18 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm)

Derivatization—MPyBA (BRs)

[109]

Aux, ABAs, CKs, JAs, SA, BRs, GBs

Arabidopsis (20 mg FW)

50% ACN

SPE—Oasis HLB

LC–MS/MS (2 injections)

Acquity CSH C18 (2.1 × 150 mm, 1.7 μm)

[4]

Aux, ABAs, CKs, JAs, SA, BRs, GBs

Arabidopsis, rice, brassica napus (5–0.02 mg)

100% ACN

N/A

LC–MS/MS

Acquity HSS T3 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.8 μm)

2 × derivatization—DEED (carboxy group) and 2-methyl-4-PAMBA (BRs)

[132]

Aux, ABAs, JAs, SAs

9 different matrices (10 mg FW)

1 M FA in 10% MeOH

inTip SPE—SBD-XC + C18

LC–MS/MS

Kinetex Evo C18 (2.1 × 150 mm, 2.6 μm)

[202]

Aux, ABAs, CKs, JAs, SA, GBs

Rice (50 mg FW)

100% ACN

dispersive SPE—GCB

LC–MS/MS

Shimpack XR-ODS III (2.1 × 75 mm, 1.6 μm)

[110]

IAA, ABA, SA, JA, MeJA

Melon, Pepper (50 mg)

10% hexanol, 20% THF, 70% of 3% (v/v) FA

LLE—supramolecular solvent

LC–MS/MS

C8 (3.0 × 100 mm, 3.0 μm)

[138]

Aux, ABAs, SA, JAs, BRs, GBs, tZ

Arabidopsis (50 mg)

MTBE:MeOH (3:1)

LLE—(0.1% HCl in H₂O)

LC–MS/MS

Acquity HSS T3 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.8 μm)

Protocol includes untargeted metabolomics

[131]

SLs

Rice, sorghum, pea, tomato (150 mg)

60% acetone (plant tissues), 5% ACN (exudates)

SPE—Oasis HLB

LC–MS/MS

Acquity BEH C18 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm)

[124]

SLs

Tomato (100 mg)

EtOAc

LC–MS/MS

ACE Excel C18 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm)

[128]

Aux, ABAs, CKs, ACC, JAs, SA, GBs

Aster tripolium

Modified Bieleski

SPE—BondElutPlexa PCX

LC–MS/MS (2 methods)

AscentisExpress RP-Amide (2.1 × 75 mm, 2.7 μm), AsecentisExpress HILIC (3.0 × 100 mm, 2.7 μm) for ACC

[108]

Aux, ABAs, CKs, JAs, SA, GBs

Sorghum (20 mg)

MTBE:MeOH:H₂O (6:3:1 v/v/v)

N/A

LC–MS/MS

Acquity HSS T3 (1.0 × 100 mm, 1.8 μm)

Narrow bore column

[91]

CKs

5 different matrices (100 mg)

Modified Bieleski

MCX

LC-HR-MS

Kinetex C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 2.6 μm)

Orbitrap HRMS

[65]

IAA, ABA, SA, JA, GA3, BL

Rice (100 mg)

Modified Bieleski

N/A

LC-HR-MS

Nucleodur Gravity C18 (2 × 50 mm, 1.8 µm)

Orbitrap HRMS

[104]

ABA, SAs, JA, GBs

Citrus sinensis (20 mg)

10% MeOH

electromembrane extraction

LC–MS/MS

Acclaim C30 (2.1 × 150 mm, 3.0 µm)

[137]

Aux

Arabidopsis (10 mg)

50 mM phosphate buffer

inTip SPE—SBD-XC + C18

LC–MS/MS

Kinetex C18 (2.1 × 50 mm 1.7 μm)

Derivatization—cysteamine

[121]

BRs

Brassica napus (50 mg)

60% ACN

SPE—Discovery DPA-6S + immunoaffinity gel

LC–MS/MS

Acquity CSH Phenyl-Hexyl, (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 µm)

[140]

Aux, ABAs, CKs, JAs, SA, BRs, GBs, SLs

Pine, eucalyptus, hemp (200 mg DW)

IPA:H2O:HCl (2:1:0.002 v/v/v)

LLE (dichlormethane) + SPE (Bondesil C18)

LC–MS/MS

Zorbax SB-C18 (2.1 × 50 mm, ? µm)

[89]

Aux, ABAs, CKs, JAs, BRs, GBs

Brassica napus (100 mg)

100% ACN

magnetic SPE

LC–MS/MS (2 methods)

Shim-pack XR-ODS III column (2.0 × 75 mm, 1.6 µm)

[112]

Aux, ABAs, CKs, GBs,

Potato (150 mg)

Modified Bieleski

SPE—Sep-Pak vac tC18 + Oasis MCX

LC-HR-MS

Zorbax RRHD Eclipse Plus C18 (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.8 µm)

QToF HRMS

[187]

GBs

Rice (50 mg)

80% MeOH

SPE—C18 + LLE (diethylether)

LC–MS/MS

Shim-pack VP-ODS (2.0 × 150 mm, 5 μm)

Derivatization—(DMED) and D4-DMED

[194]

IAA, ABA, SA, JA, CKs, BL, GA3

Tomato (100 mg)

Modified Bieleski

30 kDa Amicon centrifugal filter

LC-HR-MS

Nucleodur Gravity C18 (2 × 50 mm, 1.8 µm)

Orbitrap HRMS

[92]

Aux, ABA, CKs, ACC, JA, SA, GBs

Rosemary (100 mg)

MeOH:IPA 20:80 + 1% AcA

N/A

LC–MS/MS

HALO C18 (2.1 × 75 mm, 2.7 μm)

Short analytical run

[145]

Aux, ABA, Z, JAs, SAs, GBs

Arabidopsis (50 mg)

IPA:H2O:HCl (2:1:0.002 v/v/v)

LLE (dichlormethane)

LC–MS/MS

Gemini C18 (2 × 150 mm, 5 μm)

[90]

CKs

Arabidopsis, rice (200 mg)

modified Bieleski

cartridge SPE—C18 + magnetic SPE

LC–MS/MS

Luna Silica (2.0 × 250 mm, 5 μm)

HILIC

[136]

Aux

Arabidopsis (20 mg)

65% IPA, 35% 0,2 M imidazole buffer

TopTip with Oasis HLB resin

GC–MS/MS (up to 4 methods)

HP-5 ms, 30 m, 0.25 mm, 0.25 μm and DB-17 ms, 30 m, 0.25 mm, 0.25 μm

Derivatization—NaB²H₄, methyl chlorformate and diazomethane

[155]

Aux, ABAs, CKs

Nonspecified plant matrix (50 mg–1 g)

Modified Bieleski

SPE—Oasis Sep-Pak C18 + MCX

LC–MS/MS (3 methods)

Luna C18 (2 × 150 mm, 3 μm)

CK nucletodies cleavage

[66]

IAA, ABAs, CKs, Gbs

Arabidopsis + tobacco (1–10 mg DW, 100 mg FW)

Modified Bieleski

SPE—Oasis HLB + MCX

LC–MS/MS (2 methods)

Inertsil ODS-3 C18 (0,075 × 150 mm, 3 µm)

Nanoflow-LC and capillary-LC

[156]

Aux, ABAs, CKs, GBs

Rice (100 mg)

Modified Bieleski

SPE—Oasis HLB + MCX + DEAE Cellulose

LC–MS/MS (3 or 5 fractions)

AQUITY BEH C18 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 µm)

CK nucleotide cleavage + derivatization: bromocholine

[107]