Table 2 Effect of alternating current (AC) voltage and pulse duration on the protoplast-chain formation during the alignment phase of electrofusion between D. carota subsp. sativus cv. Dolanka and D. carota subsp. gadecaei protoplasts
AC voltage (V) | AC duration (s) | Cell no./chain, cell deformationa |
|---|---|---|
100 | 10–40 | 3–4 cells, single chain, undeformed |
125 | 10 | 3–4 cells, single chain, undeformed |
|  | 10–40 | 3–4 cells, single chain, undeformed |
150 | 15–30 | 7–9 cells, single chain, undeformed |
|  | 40 | 4–7 cells, single chain, slightly deformed |
175 | 10–20 | 8–11 cells, single chain, undeformed |
|  | 30–40 | 7–9 cells, single chain, slightly deformed |
200 | 15 | 7–9 cells, grouped chains, slightly deformed |
|  | 15–40 | 7–9 cells, grouped chains, deformed |