Table 8 The list of indices derived from Sentinel-2 data

a

Spectral reflectance (10)

B2

Blue, 490 nm

B3

Green, 560 nm

B4

Red, 665 nm

B5

Red edge, 705 nm

B6

Red edge, 749 nm

B7

Red edge, 783 nm

B8

Near infrared, 842 nm

B8a

Near infrared, 865 nm

B11

Short wave infrared, 1610 nm

B12

Short wave infrared, 2190 nm

Vegetation indices (19)

ARVI

Atmospherically resistant vegetation index, \(\mathrm{B}8-(2\times \mathrm{B}4-\mathrm{B}2)/\mathrm{B}8+(2\times \mathrm{B}4-\mathrm{B}2)\)

CIg

Chlorophyll Index green, \((\mathrm{B}8/\mathrm{B}3)-1\)

CIre

Chlorophyll Index red edge, \((\mathrm{B}7/\mathrm{B}5) -1\)

II

Infrared index, \((\mathrm{B}8-\mathrm{B}11)/(\mathrm{B}8+\mathrm{B}11)\)

MCARI

Modified chlorophyll absorption ratio index, \(\left[\left(\mathrm{B}5-\mathrm{B}4\right)-0.2\times (\mathrm{B}5-\mathrm{B}3)\right]\times (\mathrm{B}5-\mathrm{B}4)\)

S2REP

Sentinel-2 red-edge position index, \(705+35\times \left[\frac{\left(\mathrm{B}4+\mathrm{B}7\right)}{2}-\mathrm{B}5\right]\times (\mathrm{B}6-\mathrm{B}5)\)

MidIR

Infrared index, \(\mathrm{B}11/\mathrm{B}12\)

MSI

Moisture Stress Index, \(\mathrm{B}11/\mathrm{B}8\)

NDVI

Normalized difference vegetation index, \((\mathrm{B}8-\mathrm{B}4) / (\mathrm{B}8 +\mathrm{ B}4)\)

NDI45

Normalized difference vegetation index wi band4 and band5, \((\mathrm{B}5-\mathrm{B}4) / (\mathrm{B}5 +\mathrm{ B}4)\)

RVI

Ratio vegetation index, \((\mathrm{B}8 /\mathrm{ B}4)\)

SAVI

Soil adjusted vegetation index, \(1.5\times (\mathrm{B}8 -\mathrm{ B}4) / 8\times (\mathrm{B}8 +\mathrm{ B}4 + 0.5)\)

IPVI

Infrared percentage vegetation index, \(\mathrm{B}8 / (\mathrm{B}8 +\mathrm{ B}4)\)

PVI

Perpendicular vegetation index, \(\mathrm{sin}(45^\circ )\times \mathrm{B}8 -\mathrm{ cos}(45^\circ )\times \mathrm{B}4\)

PSSRa

Pigment specific simple ratio chlorophyll index, \(\mathrm{B}7/\mathrm{B}4\)

PSRI

Plant Senescence Reflectance Index, \((\mathrm{B}4-\mathrm{B}3)/\mathrm{B}6\)

REIP

Red-edge infection point index, \(700+40\times \left[\frac{\left(\mathrm{B}4+\mathrm{B}7\right)}{2}-\mathrm{B}5\right]/(\mathrm{B}6-\mathrm{B}5)\)

TNDVI

Transformed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, \(\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{B}8-\mathrm{B}4}{\mathrm{B}8+\mathrm{B}4}+0.5}\)

VARI

Visible light atmospheric impedance vegetation index, \((\mathrm{B}3-\mathrm{B}4)/(\mathrm{B}3+\mathrm{B}4-\mathrm{B}2)\)

Biophysical variables (5)

LAI

Leaf area index

FVC

Fraction of vegetation cover

FAPAR

Fraction of absorbed photo synthetically active radiation

Cab

Chlorophyll content in the leaf

Cwc

Canopy water content

b

Multi-scale WT texture of Sentinel-2 (120)

a_i_Bj

Approximate texture

h_i_Bj

Horizontal texture

v_i_Bj

Vertical texture

d_i_Bj

Diagonal texture