Karst vegetation coverage detection using UAV multispectral vegetation indices and machine learning algorithm

Table 4 Parameters of the models at each flight altitude and total

Flight altitude (m)	Model	Classification	R (%)	F1 (%)	OA (%)
100	GBM	gv	98.71	99.03	98.61
		ro	99.67	99.51
		so	97.12	98.34
		wd	98.51	97.30
	RF	gv	98.84	98.91	98.55
		ro	99.34	99.50
		so	97.12	98.33
		wd	98.26	97.29
	SVM	gv	97.81	98.06	97.51
		ro	98.36	99.17
		so	97.12	97.72
		wd	96.52	95.10
	DL	gv	97.68	97.87	95.83
		ro	98.36	99.17
		so	83.95	91.07
		wd	97.51	92.23
200	GBM	gv	99.31	99.31	99.11
		ro	100.00	99.54
		so	97.09	97.56
		wd	98.82	98.82
	RF	gv	99.31	99.03	98.70
		ro	100.00	99.77
		so	94.17	95.10
		wd	97.93	98.22
	SVM	gv	98.89	98.55	97.95
		ro	97.70	98.83
		so	93.20	92.75
		wd	97.34	97.48
	DL	gv	97.92	97.52	92.70
		ro	99.08	94.09
		so	58.25	73.17
		wd	97.04	90.36
400	GBM	gv	98.74	98.58	98.53
		ro	99.23	99.42
		so	90.87	93.33
		wd	93.89	95.56
	RF	gv	99.23	98.68	98.45
		ro	98.08	98.65
		so	88.94	92.04
		wd	92.36	94.84
	SVM	gv	98.38	97.65	96.97
		ro	89.23	91.7
		so	69.71	74.55
		wd	88.65	93.55
	DL	gv	96.53	94.13	89.67
		ro	90.77	86.61
		so	0.48	0.96
		wd	38.86	55.97
all	GBM	gv	98.44	98.14	97.81
		ro	96.93	97.81
		so	90.45	93.22
		wd	95.75	96.27
	RF	gv	98.60	98.09	97.76
		ro	96.81	97.87
		so	90.63	93.15
		wd	95.58	96.06
	SVM	gv	97.01	96.35	94.68
		ro	93.36	92.71
		so	65.95	75.39
		wd	91.83	92.64
	DL	gv	89.77	93.72	92.45
		ro	93.61	95.01
		so	81.08	72.00
		wd	95.41	93.43

All represents the total including 100 m, 200 m and 400 m data
Bold values represent the highest overall accuracy of the models at each flight altitude

ISSN: 1746-4811