Fig. 1

Engineering of CGMMV as a VIGS vector with an insertion site behind the CP. a Schematic representation of the pV1a23 vector with a restriction enzyme site (HindIII) for insertion of gene fragments. b Viral symptoms on upper non-inoculated leaves caused by pV1a23 similar to those of plants inoculated with the pXT1-CGMMV. Photobleaching was absent on plants inoculated with pV1a23-PDS114. Bar = 1 cm. c RT-PCR detection of viral RNA from pV1a23 and pV1a23-PDS114 in watermelon. M, Marker2000; CK, negative control; 1, 2 and 3 indicate healthy control and plants inoculated with pV1a23 and pV1a23-PDS114, respectively