Fig. 5

Analyses of male and female meiosis in the gene edited Vuspo11-1 mutant relative to wildtype. a–e DAPI staining of wild-type male meiocytes (n = 22). a Diakinesis stage. b Metaphase I with 11 aligned bivalents. c Anaphase I. d Metaphase II with 11 sister chromatids separating to each pole. e Tetrads with decondensed chromatin. f to n DAPI staining of male meiocytes in the Vuspo11-1-edited plant. f Diakinesis stage, bivalent formation is not observed. g At the end of the prophase, 22 fully condensed chromosomes are observed. h Metaphase I with 22 univalents. i Random segregation of unpaired chromosomes at anaphase I. j Telophase I with micronuclei and chromosome loss. k Triads are observed at the end of meiosis I. l, m Second meiotic divisions result in sectors with variable number of chromosomes. n Tetrads with unbalanced chromosome numbers (depicted) and polyads with more than four nuclei are common (not shown). o Released microspore with one nucleus (arrowhead) and two micronuclei (open arrowhead; DIC microscopy). p DIC microscopy of female meiosis at metaphase I in wild-type with 11 bivalents indicated by the arrowhead. q Wild-type linear tetrad of female megaspores. Transverse cell walls separating megaspores are marked with arrowheads. r–u DIC microscopy of female meiosis in the Vuspo11-1-edited plant. r A meiotic spindle during anaphase I highlighted in yellow. s Cytokinesis does not occur at the end of meiosis in some of ovules. Nuclei are highlighted in yellow. t Mutant linear tetrad with four megaspores. Arrowheads are pointing towards incomplete cell plates. u Aborted megaspores. Scale bars: a–n = 10 µm, o–u = 20 µm