Table 1 Concentrations of toxicants used in the experiments and comparison of the growth inhibition
Toxicant | ID | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PA cell suspension | Plant | |||||||||
Concentration of toxic solution | Amount of toxicant per gram DW | Viability inhibition at 72 h | Concentration of toxic solution | Amount of toxicant per gram DW | First significant decrease in projected leaf area | Growth inhibition at 21 d | ||||
(µM) | (mg/g DW) | (%) | (µM) | (mg/g DW) | (h) | (%) | SE | p < 0.05 | ||
DCMU | C0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | ± 5 | a | |
C1 | 0.13 | 0.01 | NA | 2 | 0.45 | NA | 5 | ± 8 | a | |
C2 | 0.5 | 0.05 | 3 | 8 | 1.8 | 120 | 25 | ± 6 | a | |
C3 | 5.0 | 0.52 | 11 | 16 | 3.6 | 120 | 68 | ± 7 | b | |
C4 | 50.0 | 5.2 | 14 | NA | ||||||
Glyphosate | C0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | ± 8 | a | |
C1 | 100.0 | 7.0 | − 6 | 50 | 6.0 | 168 | 56 | ± 7 | b | |
C2 | 250.0 | 19.0 | NA | 100 | 11.0 | 120 | 80 | ± 2 | c | |
C3 | 600.0 | 45.0 | NA | 300 | 34.0 | 72 | 91 | ± 1 | d | |
Chromium | C0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | ± 6 | a | |
C1 | 30.0 | 4.0 | NA | 2 | 360.0 | NA | 5 | ± 12 | ab | |
C2 | 100.0 | 13.0 | 25 | 4 | 719.0 | 168 | 30 | ± 8 | b | |
C3 | 300.0 | 39.0 | NA | 8 | 1438.0 | 168 | 65 | ± 4 | c | |
C4 | NA | NA | NA | 12 | 2157.0 | 72 | 87 | ± 3 | d | |
C5 | NA | NA | NA | 20 | 3596.0 | 72 | 95 | ± 0 | e | |