Table 1 Soil classification and physical soil properties of the used substrates (mean ± standard deviation, N = 4)
From: Non-invasive imaging of plant roots in different soils using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Substrate (short name) | NMR soil | Sp2.1 | Sp2.2 | Sp2.3 | Sp2.4 | Sp5M | Sp6S | Brown’s soil |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Substrate (full name) | N/A | Sp2.12915 | Sp2.22915 | Sp2.33015 | Sp2.42915 | Sp5M2915 | Sp6S2915 | N/A |
Soil texture according German DIN | Sand | Silty sand | Loamy sand | Silty sand | Clayey loam | Loamy sand | Clayey loam | Loamy sand |
Dry density (g/cm3) | 1.84 ± 0.05 | 1.62 ± 0.06 | 1.25 ± 0.07 | 1.57 ± 0.05 | 1.10 ± 0.02 | 1.36 ± 0.02 | 1.20 ± 0.08 | 1.39 ± 0.02 |
Density at WHCmax (g/cm3) | 1.69 ± 0.04 | 1.43 ± 0.05 | 1.13 ± 0.02 | 1.36 ± 0.05 | 1.00 ± 0.03 | 1.21 ± 0.02 | 1.08 ± 0.07 | 1.26 ± 0.03 |
WHCmax (%vol) | 26.3 ± 0.4 | 31.8 ± 0.7 | 35.9 ± 0.6 | 33.5 ± 0.4 | 36.1 ± 0.6 | 35.8 ± 0.5 | 36.1 ± 1.2 | 32.9 ± 0.4 |
WHCmax (%mass) | 15.6 ± 0.4 | 22.3 ± 1.3 | 31.9 ± 0.8 | 24.6 ± 0.9 | 36.2 ± 0.6 | 29.7 ± 0.6 | 33.6 ± 1.2 | 26.1 ± 0.8 |
Ferromagnetic particles content (%mass) | N/A | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 11.7 | 5.3 | 25.3 | N/A |