Fig. 3

Two-dimensional X-ray scattering pattern of bamboo. Azimuthal angles are defined so that one of the cellulose \(\hbox {I}\beta\) 200 diffraction peaks is at 0°. A microfibril angle seen at the azimuthal angle \(\phi _{i}\) (a) is also seen at the azimuthal angles \(-\phi _{i}\) (b), 180° \(-\phi _{i}\) (c), and 180° \(+\phi _{i}\) (d) due to symmetry. The most notable reflections are annotated and their symmetry is indicated by symbols. The regions highlighted with a dark checkerboard pattern were used to determine background and the region in light checkerboard pattern was used to calculate the azimuthal integral used for the microfibril angle analysis. Scattering pattern is of an outer bamboo culm piece measured with set-up 2