Fig. 5

Common errors of leaf reconstructions for field grown wheat plants. The image shows a stereo image (master camera) with three selected leaves. The 3D point clouds show three different views of the respective reconstructed leaf fits (modeled edges and axis in black) and a visualization of the reconstructed leaf inclination angle projected on the leaf model. Leaf a is uniformly twisted around the leaf axis (red arrow iv)). This twisting is visible in the corresponding reconstructions. Leaf b is partly occluded (red arrow i)) by another leaf. For this reason, the 3D-point cloud is fragmented into two parts. However, the leaf model interpolates the missing areas. Moreover, leaf b is tilted laterally due to local twisting and axis bending. Therefore, the reconstructed leaf edges do not fit the border of the 3D-point cloud over the entire leaf length. The leaf axis position in the image (red arrow iii)) differs from the leaf axis fit position (green arrow iii)). Leaf c as a slanted leaf surface. For this reason, the point cloud does not contain the leaf tip