Table 1 Effects of the abiotic and biotic stresses sourced by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. raphani (F), Rhizoctonia solani (R), salinity (S) and water deficit (W) compared to a healthy control (C), on the relative water content (RWC; %), plant water potential (Ψpl; MPa), osmotic potential at full turgor (Ψ100π; MPa), electrolyte leakage (EL; %), dry matter (DM; %) and SPAD index (SPAD) in wild rocket seedlings at the end of the experimental period
| Â | Treatments | Pa | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | F | R | S | W | |||||||
RWC (%) | 89.29 ± 0.60 | ab | 83.60 ± 1.41 | b | 84.40 ± 2.24 | b | 78.51 ± 0.84 | b | 71.92 ± 2.66 | c | *** |
Ψpl (MPa) | − 0.58 ± 0.03 | a | − 0.69 ± 0.02 | b | bdlc | − 0.72 ± 0.02 | b | − 1.0 ± 0.04 | c | *** | |
Ψ100π (MPa) | − 0.82 ± 0.02 | b | − 0.68 ± 0.02 | a | − 0.93 ± 0.04 | c | − 0.84 ± 0.02 | b | − 0.84 ± 0.03 | b | *** |
EL (%) | 52.19 ± 7.06 | bc | 83.22 ± 3.21 | a | 79.07 ± 6.84 | a | 47.88 ± 8.58 | c | 72.08 ± 10.94 | ab | ** |
DM (%) | 9.95 ± 0.54 | b | 11.15 ± 0.40 | ab | 13.81 ± 0.96 | a | 10.63 ± 0.23 | b | 15.43 ± 0.75 | a | *** |
(SPAD) | 50.85 ± 1.24 | a | 44.72 ± 1.67 | b | 45.01 ± 1.64 | b | 50.48 ± 1.40 | a | 47.26 ± 1.40 | ab | ** |