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Table 7 Path analysis for the effects of wavelengths (550, 660, 735 and 790 nm) and vegetation indices (NDVI, SAVI, GNDVI, NDRE, SCCCI, EVI, and MSAVI) on days to maturity (DM), evaluated in 10 soybean genotypes in the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 crop seasons

From: High-throughput phenotyping allows the selection of soybean genotypes for earliness and high grain yield

Effect

550

660

735

790

NDVI

SAVI

GNDVI

NDRE

SCCCI

EVI

MSAVI

Direct over DM

0.08

0.05

0.09

− 0.01

0.35

− 0.17

− 0.36

− 0.43

0.17

0.07

− 0.11

Indirect via 550

0.04

0.06

0.04

0.05

0.03

− 0.04

− 0.04

− 0.05

0.05

0.03

Indirect via 660

0.02

− 0.01

− 0.03

0.00

− 0.03

− 0.05

− 0.03

− 0.02

− 0.02

− 0.04

Indirect via 735

0.07

− 0.02

0.08

0.07

0.08

0.01

0.01

− 0.01

0.09

0.08

Indirect via 790

− 0.01

0.01

− 0.01

− 0.01

− 0.02

− 0.01

− 0.01

0.00

− 0.02

− 0.01

Indirect via NDVI

0.22

0.02

0.26

0.26

0.22

0.02

0.08

0.05

0.25

0.22

Indirect via SAVI

− 0.06

0.11

− 0.14

− 0.17

− 0.10

− 0.10

− 0.09

− 0.03

− 0.16

− 0.17

Indirect via GNDVI

0.16

0.27

− 0.04

− 0.14

− 0.01

− 0.18

− 0.27

− 0.21

− 0.12

− 0.18

Indirect via NDRE

0.21

0.30

− 0.03

− 0.19

− 0.10

− 0.23

− 0.39

− 0.40

− 0.14

− 0.23

Indirect via SCCCI

− 0.10

− 0.07

− 0.04

0.03

0.03

0.04

0.13

0.16

0.00

0.04

Indirect via EVI

0.04

− 0.03

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.06

0.03

0.02

0.00

0.06

Indirect via MSAVI

− 0.03

0.07

− 0.09

− 0.10

− 0.07

− 0.11

− 0.07

− 0.06

− 0.02

− 0.10

Total (r)

0.60

0.74

0.09

− 0.17

0.26

− 0.31

− 0.79

− 0.69

− 0.53

− 0.11

− 0.32

  1. Coefficient of determination = 0.71
  2. Effect of the residual variable = 0.35