Fig. 5

Expression of nopP in hairy roots of L. japonicus does not affect nodule formation. A. rhizogenes LBA9402 carrying the pISV-DsRed1 control vector or pISV-DsRed1-nopP was used to induce hairy roots. Data indicate means ± SE. Different letters above columns indicate statistically significant differences between control (C) and nopP expressing plants (Duncan’s Multiple Range test, P < 0.05). a Transformation efficiency (percentage of red fluorescent roots) for plants showing at least one red fluorescent root (28 dpi). The selected plants (n = 15 for the control (C); n = 18 for nopP) were then transferred to jars and inoculated with M. loti MAFF303099. b Microscopic analysis of formed nodules was performed under bright field conditions (top) and for red fluorescence (RF) emission (bottom) 28 days later. Bar = 500 μm. c Total number of nodules per plant and number of nodules showing red fluorescence at the time of harvest