Fig. 1
Infection system in petri dishes to study early Arabidopsis-Verticillium interactions. a Visible growth of V. longisporum mycelium 3 days post inoculation (dpi). Representative pictures from inoculated (+Vl43) and mock treated samples (adapted from [33]). Possibilities for downstream analyses are given. b Visualization of fungal growth by using a GFP-tagged V. longisporum strain (green, 2 dpi). Counterstaining of root-cells with propidium iodide (red). A net of fungal hyphae around the root tip (left) and hyphal growth between cells of rhizodermis (R) and cortex (C) (right). Bars specify 50 µm. c Relative amount of Vl43 fungal DNA as quantified in WT leaves at the time points indicated. Values of infected samples are given relative to background noise in mock samples (set to 1) (n = 3 each, ± SD). d Induction of marker genes in WT roots at the indicated time points. Values of Vl43 infected samples are given relative to mock samples (set to 1) (n = 3 each, ± SD). e The luciferase reporter line PromoterCYP79B2:LUC shows an extensive activation of CYP79B2 promoter by Vl43 (3 dpi) compared to mock. Upper panel: black/white pictures of the system. Lower panel: intensities of luminescence are given in false colours from low (blue) to high (red). f Induction of marker genes in WT leaves at the indicated time points. Values of Vl43 infected samples are given relative to mock samples (set to 1) (n = 3 each, ± SD). g Amount of Vl43 fungal DNA in WT, cyp79b2/b3 and ERF105 OE as quantified in leaves, 2 dpi. (n = 3 each, ± SD). This figure statistics: student ‘s t-test relative to mock (d, f) or WT (g), * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001