Reference | Explants | Type | Cultivation time | Substrate | Viabilit (%) | Location of regeneration | Days to protonema emergence | Days to shoot emergence | Shoot number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Xu et al. [32] | Shoot tip | 1 month | Soil (native habitat) | 100 | Apical and basal | 5 ± 0.6 | − | 2.6 ± 1.0 | |
Leaf | Juvenile | 1 month | Soil (native habitat) | 100 | Medial and basal | 6 ± 0.8 | − | 0.7 ± 0.4 | |
Green | 1 month | Soil (native habitat) | 97 | Apical and basal | 9 ± 1.5 | − | 0.2 ± 0.1 | ||
Yellow-green | 1 month | Soil (native habitat) | 93 | Medial | 11 ± 1.2 | − | 0 | ||
Brown | 1 month | Soil (native habitat) | 37 | Apical | 23 ± 5.6 | − | 0 | ||
Stark et al. [21] | Leaf | Juvenile | 56 days | Soil (native habitat) | 100 | Medial and basal | 7 | 21 | 2.63 ± 0.34 |
Green | 56 days | Soil (native habitat) | 98 | Basal | 9 | − | 3.12 ± 0.5 | ||
Yellow-green | 56 days | Soil (native habitat) | 98 | Apical | 22 | − | − | ||
Brown | 56 days | Soil (native habitat) | 88 | Medial | 31 | − | − | ||
Stark et al. [14] | Leaf | Female | 56 days | Soil (native habitat) | 100 | − | 11 | 34 to 47 | 3.4 |
Male | 56 days | Soil (native habitat) | 100 | − | 17 | 34 to 47 | 6 | ||
This study | Leaf | Green | 56 days | Peat pellet | 100 | Medial and basal | 4.31 ± 1.56 | 12.31 ± 2.03 | 2.95 ± 0.82 |
Rhizoid | 56 days | Peat pellet | 100 | Medial | 12 ± 1.12 | 33.08 ± 7.08 | 0.6 ± 0.44 | ||
Stem | 32 days | Peat pellet | 100 | Whole stem | 10.69 ± 1.73 | 5.76 ± 1.28 | 5.43 ± 1.65 | ||
Gametophyte | 56 days | Peat pellet | 100 | Stem | 7.93 ± 2.93 | 4.39 ± 1.56 | 8.79 ± 3.72 |