Fig. 4
From: Rapid metabolite response in leaf blade and petiole as a marker for shade avoidance syndrome
Raman spectra analysis of leafy vegetables under shade. a Phenotype of Kai Lan and Choy Sum in shade conditions. Scale, 5 cm. b Ratio of petiole length to leaf blade area of plants in a (n = 3). c Carotenoid Raman peak of Kai Lan and Choy Sum (Leaf blade: n = 8, petiole: n = 4). Bars denote average ± SE. d Total carotenoid content (µg/g fresh weight) from Kai Lan and Choy Sum in a. e Relative expression of homologues of Arabidopsis shade-induced genes in Kai Lan and Choy Sum leaf blades and petioles. X-axis represents duration of exposure to DS (n = 3). PIL1, Phytochrome Interacting Factor 3-Like 1; PAR1, Phytochrome Rapidly Regulated 1; IAA29, Indole-3-acetic acid Inducible 29; XTH33, Xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl Transferase 33. WL, white light; MS, moderate shade; DS, deep shade. N.D., not detected. Statistical significance between WL and shade was determined by two-tailed Student’s t-test: *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001