Fig. 1

Analysis of protoplast transfection methods. a Western blot analysis of maize protoplasts transfected with pCXUN-HA-GFP under different mannitol concentrations and incubation length, in addition to electroporation at 300 V. GFP expression in N. benthamiana leaves is the positive control. b GFP expression driven by the 35S promoter (left) or the maize ubiquitin promoter (right) at 20× magnification. Exposure time was one second. c Western blot analysis of GFP expression in maize protoplasts driven by the 35S or ubiquitin promoters compared to the N. benthamiana positive control. d GFP expression in protoplasts from maize hybrids Early Sunglow (top) and Silver Queen (bottom) was observed at 20× magnification 4 days post transfection with pCXUN-HA-GFP. Images and blots are representative of two biological replicates