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Table 6 Confusion matrix and F1-score of cross-subject performance where the best deep learning method, the CNN-LSTM architecture is used

From: Deep learning-based detection of seedling development

True classes

Predicted

 

Soil

FA

OC

FL

 

F1-Score

Soil

97531

0

0

0

Soil

0.98

FA

2591

26855

2915

0

FA

0.90

OC

0

0

58668

19556

OC

0.79

FL

0

0

8219

90610

FL

0.87