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Table 1 Root system architecture (RSA) traits captured by ARIA 2.0 software

From: Computer vision and machine learning enabled soybean root phenotyping pipeline

Trait name

Symbol

Unit

Trait description

Total root length

TRL

cm

Cumulative length of all the roots in centimeters

Primary root length

PRL

cm

Length of the Primary root in centimeters

Lateral root length

LRL

cm

Cumulative length of all lateral roots in centimeters

Mean lateral root length

MSL

cm

Mean length of all lateral roots in centimeters

TRLUpper

TRLUpper

cm

Total root length of the upper one third

TRLLower

TRLLower

cm

Total root length of the lower two third

Perimeter

PER

cm

Total number of network pixels connected to a background pixel

Depth

DEP

cm

The maximum vertical distance reached by the root system

Width

WID

cm

The maximum horizontal width of the whole RSA

Diameter

DIA

cm

Diameter of the primary root

Lateral root branches

LRB

Count

Number of lateral root branches

Nodes of lateral roots

NLR

Count

Number of nodes of lateral roots

Independent root branches

IRB

Count

Number of independent lateral root branches

Lateral root tip

RTA

Count

Number of lateral root tips

Median

MED

Count

The median number of roots at all Y-location

MaximumR

MAX

Count

The maximum number of roots at all Y-location

Maximum number of roots

MNR

Count

The 84th percentile value of the sum of every row

Network area

NWA

Count

The number of pixels that are connected in the skeletonized image

Convex area

CVA

cm2

The area of the convex hull that encloses the entire root image

RhizoArea

RHZO

cm2

Length of 2 mm surrounding the TRL

TRArea

TRArea

cm2

Area of the RSA as observed in the 2D projected view

Primary root surface area

PRA

cm2

Surface area of the primary root

TRAUpper

TRAUpper

cm2

Total root area of the upper one third

TRALower

TRALower

cm2

Total root area of the lower two third

Volume

VOL

cm3

Volume of the primary root

Lateral root branching angle

LBA

Angle

Lateral root branching angle near the primary root node

Lateral root angles

LRA

Angle

Root angles along the extent of all lateral roots

Lateral root tip angle

RTA

Angle

Root angle at lateral root tips

Width/depth ratio

WDR

Ratio

The ratio of the maximum width to depth

Solidity

SOL

Ratio

The fraction equal to the network area divided by the convex area

Bushiness

BSH

Ratio

The ratio of the maximum to the median number of roots

Length distribution

LED

Ratio

TRLUpper/TRLower

LRL by PRL

LSLPL

Ratio

Number of the Lateral root per unit length of the Primary root

Center of mass

COM

Ratio

Center of gravity of the root/Depth

Center of point

COP

Ratio

Absolute center of the root regardless of root length/Depth

Center of mass (Top)

CMT

Ratio

Center of gravity of the top 1/3 of the root (Top)/Depth

Center of mass (Mid)

CMM

Ratio

Center of gravity of the middle 1/3 root (Middle)/Depth

Center of mass (Bottom)

CMB

Ratio

Center of gravity of the bottom 1/3 root (Bottom)/Depth

Center of point (Top)

CPT

Ratio

Absolute center of the root regardless of root length (Top)/Depth

Center of point (Mid)

CPM

Ratio

Absolute center of the root regardless of length (Middle)/Depth

Center of point (Bottom)

CPB

Ratio

Absolute center of the root regardless of root length (Bottom)/Depth