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Table 3 Overview of plant traits that have been measured for the single plant scale, miniplot, experimental field and open field scale

From: Measuring crops in 3D: using geometry for plant phenotyping

 

Trait

Plant

Sensor

Biological connection

Literature

Single plant scale

Plant height

Sugar beet

LT

Drought response

[3]

Plant width

Sugar beet

LT

Drought response

[3]

Root volume

Sugar beet

LT

Trait analysis

[11]

Root surface

Sugar beet

LT

Trait analysis

[11]

Root compactness

Sugar beet

LT

Trait analysis

[11]

Leaf area

Barley

LT

Drought response

[3]

Projected leaf area

Sugar beet

LT

Trait analysis

[11]

Leaf width

Cotton

SfM

Growth analysis

[45]

Leaf length

Cotton

SfM

Growth analysis

[45]

Leaf movement

Arabidopsis

LT

Growth analysis

[6]

Single leaf growth

Barley

LT

Growth analysis

[3]

Number of leaves

Cabbage

SL

Trait analysis

[27]

Cucumber

SL

Trait analysis

[27]

Tomato

SL

Trait analysis

[27]

Stem length/growth

Barley

LT

Growth analysis

[5]

Calyx shape

Strawberry

SfM

Trait analysis

[59]

Achene shape

Strawberry

SfM

Trait analysis

[59]

Internode distance

Cabbage

SL

Trait analysis

[27]

Cucumber

SL

Trait analysis

[27]

Tomato

SL

Trait analysis

[27]

Ear volume

Wheat

LT

Yield estimation

[54]

Ear shape

Wheat

LT

Yield estimation

[54]

Miniplot

Plant height

Pepper

SfM

QTL analysis

[60]

Leaf angle

Pepper

SfM

QTL analysis

[60]

Leaf area

Rapeseed

LT

Growth analysis

[14]

Proj. leaf area

Rapeseed

LT

Growth analysis

[14]

Leaf angle

Maize

ToF

Trait analysis

[24]

Sorghum

ToF

Trait analysis

[24]

Soybean

SFM

Drought response

[61]

Fruit detection

Tomato

LF

Trait analysis

[21]

Experimental field

Plant height/canopy height

Wheat

LT

Growth analysis

[13]

Proj. canopy area

Cotton

TLS

Growth and yield

[62]

Plant volume

Cotton

TLS

Growth and yield

[62]

Leaf area index (LAI)

Maize, sorghum

SfM

Trait analysis

[63]

Leaf area

Grapevine

SfM

Trait analysis

[64]

Peanut

LT

Water budget

[65]

Cowpea

LT

Water budget

[65]

Pearl millet

LT

Water budget

[65]

Open field

Plant height and canopy height

Maize

SfM

Growth analysis

[66]

Sorghum

SfM

Growth analysis

[66]

Eggplant

SfM

Biomass estimation

[67]

Tomato

SfM

Biomass estimation

[67]

Cabbage

SfM

Biomass estimation

[67]

  1. If possible an error measurement is provided as well as the plant type, the sensor and the biological connection as the purpose of the study