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Fig. 3 | Plant Methods

Fig. 3

From: Histology-guided high-resolution AP-SMALDI mass spectrometry imaging of wheat-Fusarium graminearum interaction at the root–shoot junction

Fig. 3

FRR-induced changes in the tissue-specific synthesis of wheat metabolites uncovered by high-resolution AP-SMALDI mass spectrometry imaging. ac Spatio-temporal distribution of FRR-induced metabolites mapped at 10 days after root inoculation (dai) with F. graminearum. a RGB overlay of m/z images representing the enhanced defensive state of leaf sheath epidermis. The hydroxycinnamic acid amide (HCAA) feruloylagmatine, [M + H]+, m/z 307.1765 (green) was found to be localized in limited areas of abaxial epidermis and vascular bundles, while adenosyl methionine, [M + Na]+, m/z 422.1343 (red) was found evenly distributed within the epidermis of leaf sheath. df Spatio-temporal distribution of FRR-induced metabolites mapped at 14 dai. e RGB overlay of m/z images representing the enhanced defensive state of stem. The flavone kaempferol 3-methyl ether glucuronide, [M + Na]+, m/z 499.0847 (blue) was found evenly distributed in stem tissues, while the glycoside corchorusoside E, [M + Na]+, m/z 883.3934 (red, appears magenta due to overlay with the kaempferol derivative in blue) was found to be enriched in the circular vascular bundle region. The phosphatidic acid PA(38:3), [M + K]+, m/z 765.4835 (green) was detcted in the entire leaf sheath. gi Spatio-temporal distribution of FRR-induced metabolites mapped at 14 dai. i RGB overlay of m/z images representing the enhanced defensive state of leaf sheath vascular bundles. The HCAA coumaroylagmatine, [M + H]+, m/z 277.1657 (blue) was detected in the cortical parenchyma of stem and the vascular bundles of leaf sheath. The HCAA feruloylserotonin, [M + K]+, m/z 391.1055 (red, appears magenta due to overlay with coumaroylagmatine in blue) mapped exclusively to the vascular bundles of leaf sheath. The phosphatidylserine lipid PS(36:3), [M + K]+, m/z 824.4838 (green) was found to be induced in the leaf sheath. All AP-SMALDI-MS images were obtained at 15 μm imaging step size. Scale bars: 500 µm

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